Orthodox Christianity opposes the 21st-century movement of secular Transhumanism, or the idea that human beings should be transformed into what the Orthodox writer Paul Kingsnorth critiques as the global Machine. It is a Gnostic-style heresy, by which human beings are thought to be able to in effect download themselves into a virtual reality, suggested by AI and

Orthodoxy upholds a different kind of Christian “transhumanism,” in theosis or deification as the purpose (logos with a small l) of human beings, emptying themselves in God the Logos through the uncreated energies of the Trinity.

But this is not the secular Transhumanism of technocracy today.

The article linked below (click on the image) suggests the difference between the two worldviews from the perspective of the writer J.R.R. Tolkien. Tolkien was Roman Catholic, not Orthodox. Yet his study of pre-Schism Christian writings gave him often a certain implicit sympathy with Orthodox views also seen in the writings of his friend the Anglican C.S. Lewis, a fellow medievalist who also embraced traditional Christian poetics.

A takeaway quote from the article linked below, from Tolkien in reference to technology: “If there is any contemporary reference in my story at all it is to what seems to me the most widespread assumption of our time: that if a thing can be done, it must be done. This seems to me wholly false.”